BASIC CONCEPTS

— When novelists claim they do not invent it, but hear voices and find stories in their head, they are neither joking nor crazy.

— When characters, narrators, or muses have minds of their own and occasionally take over, they are alternate personalities.

— Alternate personalities and memory gaps, but no significant distress or dysfunction, is a normal version of multiple personality.

— normal Multiple Personality Trait (MPT) (core of Multiple Identity Literary Theory), not clinical Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD)

— The normal version of multiple personality is an asset in fiction writing when some alternate personalities are storytellers.

— Multiple personality originates when imaginative children with normal brains have unassuaged trauma as victim or witness.

— Psychiatrists, whose standard mental status exam fails to ask about memory gaps, think they never see multiple personality.

— They need the clue of memory gaps, because alternate personalities don’t acknowledge their presence until their cover is blown.

— In novels, most multiple personality, per se, is unnoticed, unintentional, and reflects the author’s view of ordinary psychology.

— Multiple personality means one person who has more than one identity and memory bank, not psychosis or possession.

— Euphemisms for alternate personalities include parts, pseudonyms, alter egos, doubles, double consciousness, voice or voices.

— Multiple personality trait: 90% of fiction writers; possibly 30% of public.

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Tuesday, August 2, 2022

“Einstein” by Walter Isaacson (post 2): Einstein’s two distinct thought processes or personalities


“Even after he had begun using words, sometime after the age of two, he developed a quirk…Whenever he had something to say, he would try it out on himself, whispering it softly until it sounded good enough to pronounce aloud. ‘Every sentence he uttered,’ his worshipful younger sister recalled, ‘no matter how routine, he repeated to himself softly, moving his lips. He had such difficulty with language that those around him feared he would never learn…


“…Einstein’s developmental problems have probably been exaggerated, perhaps even by himself, for we have some letters from his adoring grandparents saying he was just as clever and endearing as every grandchild is. But throughout his life, Einstein had a mild form of echolalia, causing him to repeat phrases to himself, two or three times, especially if they amused him…‘I very rarely think in words at all,’ he later told a psychologist. ‘A thought comes, and I may try to express it in words afterwards’ ” (1, pp. 8-9).


Comment: First, Isaacson may confuse Einstein’s palilalia (repeating his own words) with echolalia (repeating the words of others). Second, Einstein implies that he had not been merely repeating his own words, but translating his nonverbal thoughts into words. Third, his two ways of thinking—nonverbal and verbal—may have been, in effect, two personalities.


1. Walter Isaacson. Einstein: His Life and Universe. New York, Simon & Schuster Paperbacks, 2007/2008.

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