BASIC CONCEPTS

— When novelists claim they do not invent it, but hear voices and find stories in their head, they are neither joking nor crazy.

— When characters, narrators, or muses have minds of their own and occasionally take over, they are alternate personalities.

— Alternate personalities and memory gaps, but no significant distress or dysfunction, is a normal version of multiple personality.

— normal Multiple Personality Trait (MPT) (core of Multiple Identity Literary Theory), not clinical Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD)

— The normal version of multiple personality is an asset in fiction writing when some alternate personalities are storytellers.

— Multiple personality originates when imaginative children with normal brains have unassuaged trauma as victim or witness.

— Psychiatrists, whose standard mental status exam fails to ask about memory gaps, think they never see multiple personality.

— They need the clue of memory gaps, because alternate personalities don’t acknowledge their presence until their cover is blown.

— In novels, most multiple personality, per se, is unnoticed, unintentional, and reflects the author’s view of ordinary psychology.

— Multiple personality means one person who has more than one identity and memory bank, not psychosis or possession.

— Euphemisms for alternate personalities include parts, pseudonyms, alter egos, doubles, double consciousness, voice or voices.

— Multiple personality trait: 90% of fiction writers; possibly 30% of public.

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Monday, February 6, 2023

“The Famished Road” Booker Prize-winning novel by Ben Okri (2): Quote on cover calls it “Something approaching a masterpiece of magic realism”

The novel opens with remarks that are suggestive, not of magic realism, but of multiple personality:


“Sometimes I seemed to be living several lives at once…Often, by night or day, voices spoke to me. I came to realize that they were the voices of my spirit companions” (1, p. 7).


And I have reason to doubt that “magic realism,” the literary technique of using magical thinking in a realistic context (3), is a valid concept, because Gabriel Garcia Marquez, a writer who was supposedly a major exponent of magic realism, said it was merely the kind of subjective experience that he was prone to have. He insisted on…


“…the direct relation between his own novels and his own life: ‘There’s not a line in any of my books which I can’t connect to a real experience. There is always a reference to a concrete reality.’ This is why he has always asserted that far from being a ‘magical realist,’ he is just a ‘poor notary’ who copies down what is placed on his desk” (4, p. 153).


So I expect that Ben Okri’s The Famished Road will have what looks like a literary technique (magic realism). But will it be a literary technique that he is using, or an imaginative kind of thinking that he is prone to have? I will see.


1. Ben Okri. The Famished Road. New York, Anchor/Doubleday, 1992.

2. Wikipedia.“Ben Okri.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Okri

3.Wikipedia. “Magic Realism.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_realism

4. Gerald Martin. Gabriel Garcia Marquez: A Life. New York, Alfred A. Knopf, 2009.

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