BASIC CONCEPTS

— When novelists claim they do not invent it, but hear voices and find stories in their head, they are neither joking nor crazy.

— When characters, narrators, or muses have minds of their own and occasionally take over, they are alternate personalities.

— Alternate personalities and memory gaps, but no significant distress or dysfunction, is a normal version of multiple personality.

— normal Multiple Personality Trait (MPT) (core of Multiple Identity Literary Theory), not clinical Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD)

— The normal version of multiple personality is an asset in fiction writing when some alternate personalities are storytellers.

— Multiple personality originates when imaginative children with normal brains have unassuaged trauma as victim or witness.

— Psychiatrists, whose standard mental status exam fails to ask about memory gaps, think they never see multiple personality.

— They need the clue of memory gaps, because alternate personalities don’t acknowledge their presence until their cover is blown.

— In novels, most multiple personality, per se, is unnoticed, unintentional, and reflects the author’s view of ordinary psychology.

— Multiple personality means one person who has more than one identity and memory bank, not psychosis or possession.

— Euphemisms for alternate personalities include parts, pseudonyms, alter egos, doubles, double consciousness, voice or voices.

— Multiple personality trait: 90% of fiction writers; possibly 30% of public.

— Each time you visit, search "name index" or "subject index," choose another name or subject, and search it.

— If you read only recent posts, you miss most of what this site has to offer.

— Share site with friends.

MPD Textbooks: — Frank W. Putnam, MD. Diagnosis and Treatment of Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD) (a.k.a. Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), New York, The Guilford Press, 1989. —James G. Friesen, PhD. Uncovering the Mystery of MPD, (includes discussion of demonic possession) Eugene, Oregon, Wipf and Stock Publishers,1997.

Monday, April 6, 2026

Do Cross-Gender Appearance and Attitude Prove a Person is Transgender, and Does Not Have Multiple Personality? No. And since the distinction is NOT self-evident, it has been studied:

International Journal of Transgender Health 


Article Link:  https://doi.org/10.1080/26895269.2025.2573832 


Dissociative identity disorder and dissociative symptoms in people with gender incongruence: a critical review of literature and a case series by Riki Lane, Matthew Kaufman, David Colón Cabrera & Gurvinder Kalra …Published online: 15 Oct 2025

 

Comment:  

The New York Times Book Review of April 4, 2026 recommended Authority (Essays) by Andrea Long Chu, winner of the Pulitzer Prize, so I ordered it. 

The book makes it clear that the author is assumed to be Transgender, but since its index makes no mention of distinguishing it from multiple personality, how did the author, the publisher, or the Pulitzer Prize judges know her correct diagnosis? I guess they looked at Chu’s photo on the back flap and assumed it was self-evident. However, the International Journal of Transgender Health knew you have to evaluate for hidden, alternate personalities.

I am not saying that Chu is not transgender, but only that it is not proven.


1. Andrea Long Chu. Authority (Essays). New York, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2025.

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