BASIC CONCEPTS

— When novelists claim they do not invent it, but hear voices and find stories in their head, they are neither joking nor crazy.

— When characters, narrators, or muses have minds of their own and occasionally take over, they are alternate personalities.

— Alternate personalities and memory gaps, but no significant distress or dysfunction, is a normal version of multiple personality.

— normal Multiple Personality Trait (MPT) (core of Multiple Identity Literary Theory), not clinical Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD)

— The normal version of multiple personality is an asset in fiction writing when some alternate personalities are storytellers.

— Multiple personality originates when imaginative children with normal brains have unassuaged trauma as victim or witness.

— Psychiatrists, whose standard mental status exam fails to ask about memory gaps, think they never see multiple personality.

— They need the clue of memory gaps, because alternate personalities don’t acknowledge their presence until their cover is blown.

— In novels, most multiple personality, per se, is unnoticed, unintentional, and reflects the author’s view of ordinary psychology.

— Multiple personality means one person who has more than one identity and memory bank, not psychosis or possession.

— Euphemisms for alternate personalities include parts, pseudonyms, alter egos, doubles, double consciousness, voice or voices.

— Multiple personality trait: 90% of fiction writers; possibly 30% of public.

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Friday, September 25, 2020

“The Saga of Gösta Berling” by Selma Lagerlöf (post 4): A sane character, Anna, hears voices; meaning she, too, probably has multiple personality


As previously noted, the character, Marianne, was described, mentally, as having two halves. Later, it was described how the protagonist, Gösta, awoke one morning and found that his alternate personality had written a lengthy poem during the night, which he hadn’t remembered. Now, it is casually mentioned that another nonpsychotic character, Anna, hears voices (which, in a sane person, would likely be the voices of alternate personalities):


“…Anna Stjärnhök…struggled to deaden inner voices that already began whispering to her…that now she was finally free (1, p. 310).


“…Anna Stjärnhök could not yet speak; she was still listening to the many voices in the depths of her soul” (1, p. 311).


Since the above phenomena of all three characters are casually mentioned, not labelled as multiple personality, and are not necessary to the plot—what I call, in a novel, "gratuitous multiple personality"—they appear to be in the novel only as a reflection of the author’s sense of ordinary psychology, probably based on the author’s own psychology (which would be another example of multiple personality trait in a great fiction writer).


1. Selma Lagerlöf. The Saga of Gösta Berling [1891]. Translated by Paul Norlen. New York, Penguin Books, 2009. 

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